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Archive for the ‘personal growth’ Category

One of greatest joys of blogging is how it facilitates the discovery, and creation, of connections. My daughter, Amy, who writes the wonderful lessordinary, has developed a whole online network of friends through her blog. She’s a great networker and deliberately creates her blog to make and develop connections with others. Let me tell you a little story which will illustrate how this is such a core quality of hers. When she left school, she was accepted for an English Literature course at Stirling University. We drove her to the halls of residence in the grounds of the university at the start of the first semester and helped her unpack her small collection of belongings from the boot of the car and pile them in bags and cardboard boxes into her small room. If you’ve ever been to a student hall of residence you’ll have an idea of what they are like. This one was typical in my experience – a series of corridors full of identical box like rooms each with the same furniture (most of it custom built to fit the room exactly and screwed to the floor or the walls). At first sight its a bit bleak and very impersonal. It wasn’t easy to leave her there. I shouldn’t have worried though because the very next day she phoned and said when the door closed behind her and she sat in that bleak room alone she cried. Then she thought, well, everyone else in this corridor is in the same boat as me, I’ll go and say hello. So she set off down the corridor, knocking on all the doors, introducing herself and inviting the “freshers” down to the pub for a drink and a chat. She never looked back.

It strikes me that blogging can be a bit like that. Each of these posts is like a little room, something to be discovered, a door to knock on. I’ve been blogging for about 18 months now and there have been over 55,000 visitors in that time. Almost 2000 comments have been left and every one of those comments is like a little knock on the door.

I hope that some of the posts you read here will be like little discoveries for you, that you’ll hear that knock on the door, and that you’ll find new connections and new possibilities in your life. But let me tell you of a recent experience where it’s happened the other way around for me.

A couple of weeks ago a new commenter, Ian, came along and left comments on a few different posts. At the same time he emailed me and introduced himself. In his introduction he described the trail which led to our connection. Ian said he’d been in Ullapool recently and had picked up a copy of “Why do people get ill?”, completely resonated with it and decided to read some reviews online. One of those reviews was the one I wrote on this blog. He browsed my blog and discovered a like mind. He also recognised my name and remembered a poet friend of his mentioning me to him some time back – Larry Butler. Well, not only has Ian left some really interesting links other sites in his comments, but last week he emailed me and asked if I’d like to go to a traditional music concert at the Tolbooth in Stirling. It was an eye-opener for me. Or maybe, more accurately, and ear-opener. Too much to say about it here in this post but here’s the bit which is most relevant to this story. The three musicians, for some of their tunes, all played mandolins. I can’t say I’ve ever been attracted to the mandolin, but one of the people I’ve met through blogging is the wonderful Dr Tom Bibey. He plays mandolin in a bluegrass band and as I listened to the music I not only heard the mandolin differently from how I’ve heard it ever before but – and here’s my point – I heard it differently BECAUSE of the connection with Tom Bibey – and enjoyed it as never before, but the whole evening, and the people I met there, showed me another possibility – that of playing music. I listen to music all the time. But I haven’t played music since I was a teenager. I think it’s probably time to change that. That thought, the possibility of picking up a musical instrument again, is like a rediscovery of part of me. But several decades on, its a rediscovery of a different me, as I’m obviously much changed by my experiences and my connections of the last thirty years or so.

We are who we are because of the people we connect with. Human beings are highly social creatures. It’s impossible to know what a person is like by putting them into a room all by themselves. We reveal ourselves through our relationships. We create ourselves through our relationships. The patients I meet every day change me because they tell me their own, unique stories. Their stories are told from their own, unique perspectives. They are the heroes of their own stories. And in the telling of their stories they show me different ways of seeing and experiencing the world. The world is different after a story. I am different after a story.

Remember that a story has several components – a teller, a tale, something told about, and a recipient of the tale. Through the sharing of our stories we change each other. We create each other.

One of Ian’s links was to Roman Krznaric who has written a fabulous downloadable booklet called “Empathy and the Art of Living”. Go get it and read it. I highly recommend it. Here’s a key extract –

Most books or courses on the art of living focus on how we can
discover ways of improving our own lives. The emphasis is,
unashamedly, on what can be done to help me. I find this kind
of self-help approach too narrow, individualistic and narcissistic.
In my experience, those people who have lived the most joyful
and fulfilling lives have dedicated much of their time to thinking
about and helping others. It has given them not only personal
satisfaction but also a sense of meaning. They have, in effect,
lived a philosophy of ‘You are, therefore I am’.
Einstein recognised the need to move beyond self-help when
he said: ‘Strange is our situation here upon earth. Each of us
comes for a short visit, not knowing why, yet sometimes
seeming to divine a purpose. From the standpoint of daily life,
however, there is one thing we do know: that man is here for
the sake of other men.’ We will always feel something missing if
we attempt to live alone, hermetically sealed in an isolation of
our own making, thinking only of our own pleasures and pains.
The mystery of existence is constituted by our relations with
each other.
The twentieth century was an age of introspection, when
psychoanalysis impelled us to search for who we are by looking
inside our own heads. But the art of living involves escaping
from the prison of our own feelings and desires, and embracing
the lives of others. The twenty-first century should be the age of
outrospection, where we discover ourselves by learning about
other people, and finding out how they live, think and look at
the world.
Empathy is at the heart of how to live and what to do, and is
the ultimate art form for the age of outrospection.

Now I don’t know if Roman has invented that word – outrospection. But if he has then it’s hats off to him! This SO hits the spot! I find myself completely agreeing with this viewpoint. There’s way too much in the world of self-help which turns people in on themselves but most of what I’ve read about happiness includes an emphasis on the human need to connect to others, to connect to a sense of whatever is greater and more than ourselves, to be engaged with the world.

Who I am evolves and changes every day as I live in the world. I’m changed by my daily experiences, not least because of the other people I meet and connect with each day. This very fact brings back to my mind one of the books I have most enjoyed in recent months – Linked by Albert-Laszlo Barabasi.

Barabasi makes it crystal clear that to understand anything in this world we need to examine the connections, the links – how very Deleuzean!

I am because you are

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This is rule number three in Daniel Pink’s “Johnny Bunko” book which I mentioned a wee while back. There are two reasons why both the Johnny Bunko rules and this particular rule came to my mind this week.

Firstly, I’ve just been finding that in recent times this little phrase has often popped into my mind. “It’s not about you”. The value of this phrase is its power to re-orientate you. It’s only natural that our inner subjective experience is dominant. So when we feel certain strong emotions – anger, frustration, sadness, and, yes, even happiness – our default understanding of what is going on tends to emerge from the emotions themselves. It’s only a short (unconscious) step from there to “Why is he (or she) treating me this way?” or “Why is he (or she) upsetting me?” or some such similar question. The assumption is that the other person is behaving the way they are with the intention of having an effect on us. Not just an intention, but, a primary intention. We find ourselves thinking that the person is behaving this way because they want us to have a certain emotion. In other words, if it wasn’t for me, he (or she) wouldn’t be behaving this way. Well, you know, maybe in some instances, it’s true. But in many more instances it isn’t! Whether it’s true or not, however, this train of thought gives away our personal power to the other person. We give them the ability and the will to effect the emotions that we are experiencing. An easy, and a quick, way to undermine this whole reaction is to say to yourself “It’s not about you”. Just considering this as a possibility can be liberating. It allows you to shift your conscious focus from yourself to others. At best, it opens the doors to the possibility of a more empathic and more understanding interpretation of the other person’s behaviour.

“It’s not about you” also came into my mind recently when considering the advice a French philosopher, Hadot, who writes in his book “N’oubliez pas de Vivre”, about the almost spiritual exercise of taking a view from on high. When you climb a mountain and survey the world from the mountain’s heights you have an intense shift of perspective. Take this a little further and consider the viewpoint of one of the astronauts looking back at the Earth from the Moon. (Whenever I think that thought, I can hear Nanci Griffiths singing “From a Distance” inside my head!) Whether you physically climb or fly high above your daily world, or whether you take a journey in your mind using your imagination, this experience of looking down on life from on high also has the potential to give you an “It’s not about you” moment. You can become aware of your smallness and of the brevity of your own life in the grand scheme of things.

There’s another sense too in this “It’s not about you” perspective. Time and time again I hear patients tell stories of great suffering which shrinks or even, at least temporarily, disappears, when they connect to others, when they feel, express and act their love for others and in doing so feel a surge of love and meaning in their own lives. Managing to focus on others is not easy when your suffering is so great that it is overwhelming all aspects of your life, but those who manage it, even for short periods, often report feeling transformed.

There was a second reason why Johnny Bunko came to mind this week and that was the post by Daniel Pink on the Johnny Bunko blog where he related Barack Obama‘s Presidency bid to the six Bunko lessons. Go read it for yourself. It’s a good introduction to Johnny Bunko!

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Juliette Binoche is one of my favourite actresses so I was delighted to read a short interview with her in “Psychologies” magazine this month. The article referred to her creative range – as an actress, a painter and, now in London, a dancer. Even if you just check out her filmography, it’s clear this is someone who likes to push against her boundaries. In the interview she reveals a number of her key beliefs –

  1. Risk taking. “It’s when you are taking risks that you know what you’re capable of. You discover your strengths, and your self. So that’s why sometimes you have to push yourself a little bit in order to surpass your expectations.”
  2. Non-attachment. “I like to leave habits behind. They scare me. Life isn’t about hanging on to things”
  3. Learning. She’s a great example of what Carol Dweck calls “the growth mindset“. Asked about her parents divorce when she was young and being sent away to school, she responded “I took it as a learning process”
  4. Living in the present. “It’s important to me to make the present as beautiful as I can”
  5. Potential. Asked if creativity can be learned she said “We all have potential. We just need to stop being afraid of exploring something new, something daring. Someone said “We’re more scared of our lights, of our possibilities, than of our darkness” Why are we so scared of new beginnings?
  6. Internal locus of power. Like William Glass she clearly believes in Choice Theory. “We always think the solution is external, not internal. But real change comes from an internal shift”
  7. Importance of human connections. “I cannot work and not feel connected. It would make no sense to me. I need the human connection, the complicity…..”
  8. No regrets. Asked “Do you ever regret your choices?”, she responds “No. This is my life. When you have dark moments, desire does return. Life surprises you all the time. I just wish for the best, open my arms and go for it.”

I recently read an interesting post about life lessons from Bon Jovi…….well, this makes a nice collection of life lessons from Juliette Binoche.

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hidden passion

See the passion flower hiding behind these leaves?

This made me think about passion. Passion must be one of the KEY ingredients of a good life I think. What makes a good teacher? Their passion. OK, you need a lot more than passion, but my argument is that those who are passionate about their teaching, passionate about their students’ learning, are the best teachers. What makes a good doctor? Passion. Passionate about his or her patients. Passionate about people, and about healing. Yes, I agree, a doctor needs a lot of knowledge and skill, but without passion for their work, they really aren’t such good doctors.
You could say this about any profession I reckon. If you are a professional and you’re not passionate about what you do, you’re in the wrong profession!
You can also say this about creative people – artists, musicians, writers and so on. Without passion for life, and for their creativity, they just don’t create such great works.
Bland isn’t good.
“Whatever….!” isn’t good.
Long live passion!

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Daniel H Pink, who wrote “A Whole New Mind“, has written what he calls “America’s first business book in the Japanese comic format”. Now, I don’t know how you feel about comics, graphic novels and so on, but I know my mum really didn’t like them! She was never keen on the comics I used to look forward to every week, rather disdaining them as something inferior to “proper” books. But I liked them. And I still do. The graphic novel is whole art form in its own right and in France the “bandes dessinees” (sorry, don’t know how to get an “e acute”!) section of the bookshop is always VERY busy. I’ve picked up some utterly beautiful examples over the years. The graphic novel has developed in a very distinct way in Japan. They call it Manga. It’s this latter style which Daniel Pink has chosen for his latest book. You can actually read it online. Don’t be put off by its pitch as a business book. It’s a simple, easy to read, fun, but thought provoking self-development book.

He makes just six points, each of which is delivered to Johnny Bunko, an accountant who is bored with his job, by Diana, a sprite who appears when he breaks magical chopsticks (I know, I know, stay with me here, you have to take the genre as it is!). Here they are –

1. There is no plan (“It’s nice to believe that you can map out every step ahead of time and end up where you want. But that’s a fantasy. The world changes“)

2. Think strengths, not weaknesses (you know this one – it’s the positive psychology message)

3. It’s not about you (“the most successful people improve their own lives by improving others‘ lives”)

4. Persistence trumps talent (“practice and practice and practice some more”)

5. Make excellent mistakes (that’s a well-rehearsed one. One of the key messages of “Feel the Fear“)

6. Leave an imprint (“use your limited time here to do something that matters“)

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The TV News each evening doesn’t carry many uplifting stories but tonight on channel 4 news they had a piece that grabbed me and fed my optimistic nature. It was about Filmclub. This is a project started by Director, Beeban Kidron, which introduces movies into schools throughout England. She’s had a trial running and it’s been hugely successful so it’s now being rolled out around the rest of the country.

“I think that stories and the telling of stories are the foundations of human communication and understanding. If children all over the country are watching films, asking questions and telling their stories, then the world will eventually be a better place. That’s how important I think FILMCLUB is.”

Oh, I agree, Beeban. Stories and the telling of stories really are the foundation of what it is to be human. Filmclub’s co-founder, Lindsay Mackie said –

“ Films have the power to raise your gaze and raise your game and give you a ticket to pleasure and enlightenment forever more….”

YES! Well, that’s aiming high, isn’t it? How wonderful!

I use movies a LOT in my teaching (I teach mainly doctors, but also nurses, dentists, vets and other health care workers). I know that some of you (yes, mrschili, I’m talking to you!) also use movies a lot in your own teaching work. This Filmclub idea has sparked a thought for me – what if I started a Filmclub for patients in the hospital where I worked? If I was going to do that, which movies would I show? Patients are often suffering and in distress. Which movies might be catalysts to discussions which encourage healing? Any suggestions?

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I’m sure you are very familiar with this phrase. You’ve either said it or thought it, and if you haven’t, then, at least, you’ve sure heard it said.

Sometimes somebody expresses a view, or behaves in a way, that is so different to how we would view or do something that it can feel as if they don’t actually live in the same world as we do.

Saint-Exupery, in “The Little Prince”, has this theme running right through his brilliant, thought-provoking little story. The philosopher, Ravoux, says that the main theme of “Le Petit Prince” is the difficulty we find in making connections. We all experience the world from the first person perspective, and we have no way of experiencing the world from another person’s perspective. Not wholly. Not fully. We use language and fashion stories to try to convey our views and our experiences to others. We use imagination and empathy to try and put ourselves in others’ shoes, but it’s not easy.

The Little Prince visits six, very small, planets. In fact, the planets he visits are so small (really they are asteroids) that only one person can live on each of them. Saint-Exupery uses the common device of pushing each example to an extreme to make it more clear (Deleuze favours this technique, stating that we should push something to its extreme point to reveal its true character).

On the first planet lives a king. He needs to be in control of everything. But he isn’t stupid. He knows his limitations and has rationalised his experience to fit with his need. He only commands to happen what he knows will happen. The Little Prince sees that this is what the king does and finds it absurd, but lots of people are like this. The important issue of them is of feeling in control of everything. The need for control lies deep within us all. When it becomes all-consuming it becomes the standard against which everything is experienced.

The second planet is inhabited by a man who needs to be told that he is the most handsome, most admired man in the world. When The Little Prince points out that there is nobody else on this man’s planet, the man dismisses the point, saying “admire me anyway”. In our present time the cult of celebrity runs very, very strong. It doesn’t matter what you’re famous for, as long as you’re famous. Admire me! Admire me! Notice me!

The third planet is the world of a drunkard. He tells The Little Prince he is ashamed because he drinks so much and he drinks to forget. Forget what? Forget that I am ashamed! Alcohol and drugs as a way of life? You sure know people like this.

The fourth planet is inhabited by “the businessman” who sits at his desk, counting his possessions and ordering them. He claims he owns all the stars in the universe, and when challenged about how this can be so, he shows the pieces of paper which represent his ownership. It’s not the actual stars which matter, it’s the owning them! The Little Prince finds this idea equally absurd.

The fifth planet is where a lamplighter lives. His planet is so small that day and night are only a minute long each, so the poor man is trapped in a constant cycle of lighting and extinguishing the lamps. The Little Prince points out that if he walked slowly round his planet following the light, he could have a break from the continuous cycle of his work, but the man can’t do that. He says it’s important to follow the rules and that’s what he is doing. He is following the rules. Lots of people only feel safe when they strictly follow the rules.

The sixth and final planet is the one where The Little Prince finds a geographer. This man sits at a desk writing down all the reports which people bring him to create the complete knowledge of the planet. However, he never leaves the desk to go and experience the planet for himself. The Little Prince finds it strange that someone can think they can know everything about a place without experiencing it.

We are all different and we are all unique. I can never know if what I experience as “red” when looking at a red rose, is what you experience as “red”. But we can both agree to give our experiences the same name.

Cemetry rose

Owen Flanagan explores this issue with his idea of “spaces of meaning” where he makes it clear that we each have different ways of making sense of the world. Mary Midgley argues the same point with her analogy of the aquarium which we can only see into through the small windows which are personally available to us.

So, if we really all are on our own planets, with our own sets of values and ways of making sense of things, each of us with our individual world views, then how can we connect? How can relate to other people in their other worlds? Well we need to hear their stories because only they can tell us what they have experienced. And we need to hear their stories using something fundamental and special, Saint-Exupery tells us, and that is LOVE.

It’s LOVE that allows us to connect, to see, hear and understand each others’ worldviews, and it takes LOVE to break down the barriers of isolation and loneliness.

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Let’s consider four verbs which highlight essential characteristics of human beings.

SENSING

All living creatures are sensate. All have sensory organs to pick up stimuli from the environment – light, sound, odours, temperature and so on. As human beings we have a particularly elaborate sensory system, possibly THE most elaborate of all creatures, however, being sensate is a characteristic we share with all animate beings.

FEELING

I have a large hardback copy of Gray’s Anatomy on my bookshelf. I bought it when I was studying anatomy at Medical School back in 1973. I still find it fascinating. The section on the nervous system and the brain shows something incredibly striking. All the nerves which carry the signals from the sensory organs travel first of all to what is termed “the old brain”, the “limbic system” more or less. That always amazed me. Why do all the sensory signals go there? This particular area of the brain is the main emotion generating and processing centre. It’s responsible for those feelings you get of fear, of arousal, of anger, and so on. Modern techniques of brain imaging are helping us to understand this better. It seems that we have developed in a way which allows signals from our sensory equipment to first of all create emotional states. This has a survival advantage. For example, we can quickly develop the “fight or flight” response to successfully deal with any threats around us. Obviously emotions are considerably more elaborate than this. Anthony Damasio is really interesting to read about this subject. “Descartes’ Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain” is a good starting point. But I can also recommend his “The Feeling of What Happens” and “Looking for Spinoza”. You might also like “Consciousness Explained” by Daniel C Dennett and “Emotional Intelligence” by Daniel Goleman. What all of these authors show us is how this particular function of the brain allows us to respond to stimuli from the environment far, far more quickly than we could if we had to become aware of everything consciously first, then figure out what to do about it. That thinking thing comes next! Although it’s not possible to really know the emotional content of another creature’s mind, from observing behaviour patterns it would seem that other animals also have emotions.

THINKING

Those two great parts of the brain known as the cerebral hemispheres are responsible for what we term “cognition”…….thinking. In its entirety, the human brain is THE most complex structure in the known universe. Amazing, huh? And it’s inside your head! There’s way too much involved in thinking for me to explain here but it involves memory, imagination, awareness, concentration and systems of assessment. Once signals have been processed in the old brain (and acted upon!), this “new brain” picks up the trail and processes what’s going on. It’s thinking that let’s us make choices. Some other creatures think too, but, as far as we know, not to nearly the same extent as human beings do. One of the things we’ve done with these capacities is to develop language which gives us the ability to handle and manipulate symbols and to think both abstractly and synthetically. And that leads to the fourth verb – the one which seems to be uniquely human –

MEANING-SEEKING

We don’t just pick up signals, we don’t just generate feelings, we don’t just think about the signals and the feelings to make choices, we do something else. We try to make sense of things. We are always asking the questions “Why?” and “How come?” We are insatiably curious but we are also insatiably trying to understand the world and our experiences. The way we do this is by telling stories. We put everything together and attribute values and meanings to weave narratives which enable us to make sense of the world and of ourselves. We do this in a host of complex ways. Viktor Frankl showed how this is one of our most fundamental drives. See his “Man’s Search for Meaning”. Richard Kearney shows how we use storytelling for this purpose, and Owen Flanagan shows how we inhabit “spaces of meaning” to create our distinct worldviews and narratives.

So, there you have it. Four verbs which make us human – sensing, feeling, thinking and meaning-seeking.  Let me just add one further level of complexity. I’ve presented this is a logical, step-wise way – inspired by those evolutionary biologists – but on a moment to moment basis, these activities of the human being are continuously active and interactive. What sense we make of something influences what we sense and vice versa. Feelings influence thoughts and vice versa. And so on.

What do you think? Do you agree that these four verbs capture what it is to be human? Have you any others you think I should add?

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Human beings are sensing, feeling, thinking, meaning-seeking creatures. We are probably the only species of life on Earth to function this way. Consciousness is that strange phenomenon which allows us to be aware of all these functions, and it’s consciousness which has enabled us to develop language which allows us to communicate the inner experiences of our lives.

How do you know what another person senses, feels or thinks? Through the sharing of stories. Our key tool in organising all these elements and conveying these experiences to others is narrative. We put things together in our heads in the form of stories. Remember, a story is created by telling of the present as it is emerging from the past in the light of future possibilities. Stories are dynamic. They move, they grow, they develop. And every story is unique, because every human being is unique. We feel less alone when we find connections with others through the stories we share. We use the imaginative facility of empathy to try to understand what another person is experiencing.

These experiences of our lives are made up of the sensations we become aware of, the feelings which develop inside us, and the thoughts which allow us to put it all together. All of this is framed inside what sense we make of it all. Two people can have very similar experiences but understand those experiences differently because sense each one makes of it is different.

Owen Flanagan, the philosopher, describes this very well in his book, “The Really Hard Problem”. He points out that there are many different ways of making sense of experience and these different ways lead to very different perceptions and understandings of the world. He describes the idea of “spaces of meaning”. A “space of meaning” is what a person lives in and through which he or she experiences the world. A “space of meaning” is publically available.

He describes six such spaces – art, science, technology, ethics, politics and spirituality.

Each of these six spaces of meaning names, or gestures in the direction of, a large domain of life. Art includes painting, poetry, literature, music and popular culture. Science includes all the sciences, as well as whatever synthetic philosophical picture of persons (or reality) is thought to emerge from the sciences. Politics includes the relevant local and/or nation-state form of government as wel as the legal and economic structures it rests on and/or engenders. Spirituality includes multifarious religious practices and institutions, theologies, and such non-theistic spiritual conceptions as ethical naturalism, secular humanism, pagan shamanism, Confucianism, Buddhism and Stoicism.

If we want to understand how some person or group self-conceives, and what kind of worldview they have, then we can consider how they make sense of their experience in relation to these “spaces of meaning”. There are as many different “worldviews” as there are people. If we are to understand each other and communicate then we need to grasp something of our own and the other’s worldview. For some people, one of these “spaces of meaning” will be pre-eminent – for example, there are some who think that only the scientific worldview is the “right” view and that all others are flawed. Others think the same of a particular religious or political view of life. We connect with those who inhabit the same spaces as we do. Most people don’t inhabit only one of these spaces. We each have our unique cluster, but some people seem almost incapable of seeing the world in any way other than through one particular space.

One of the points Flanagan is making is that there is no single “right” worldview. Those who cannot see that fail to connect with others who make sense of their lives very differently.

I think we can all learn something from a bit of self-reflection. Which of these “spaces of meaning” resonate most strongly with you? What does that tell you about the way you make sense of the world?

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I’m very taken by network theory. Linked is one of the most inspiring books I’ve ever read, and books like The Medici Effect, and Smart World develop aspects of network theory too. Currently I’m reading Clay Shirky’s Here Comes Everybody and he makes this simple but thought-provoking point –

Individuals in group settings exhibit behaviours that no one could predict by studying single minds. No one has ever been bashful or extroverted while sitting alone in their room, no one can be a social climber or a man of the people without reference to society, and these characteristics exist because groups are not just simple aggregations of individuals.

What characteristics do you think you have which only appear when you are in a group?

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